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+/**
+ * Prime number generation API.
+ *
+ * @author Dave Longley
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2014 Digital Bazaar, Inc.
+ */
+(function() {
+/* ########## Begin module implementation ########## */
+function initModule(forge) {
+
+// forge.prime already defined
+if(forge.prime) {
+  return;
+}
+
+/* PRIME API */
+var prime = forge.prime = forge.prime || {};
+
+var BigInteger = forge.jsbn.BigInteger;
+
+// primes are 30k+i for i = 1, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29
+var GCD_30_DELTA = [6, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 6, 2];
+var THIRTY = new BigInteger(null);
+THIRTY.fromInt(30);
+var op_or = function(x, y) {return x|y;};
+
+/**
+ * Generates a random probable prime with the given number of bits.
+ *
+ * Alternative algorithms can be specified by name as a string or as an
+ * object with custom options like so:
+ *
+ * {
+ *   name: 'PRIMEINC',
+ *   options: {
+ *     maxBlockTime: <the maximum amount of time to block the main
+ *       thread before allowing I/O other JS to run>,
+ *     millerRabinTests: <the number of miller-rabin tests to run>,
+ *     workerScript: <the worker script URL>,
+ *     workers: <the number of web workers (if supported) to use,
+ *       -1 to use estimated cores minus one>.
+ *     workLoad: the size of the work load, ie: number of possible prime
+ *       numbers for each web worker to check per work assignment,
+ *       (default: 100).
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * @param bits the number of bits for the prime number.
+ * @param options the options to use.
+ *          [algorithm] the algorithm to use (default: 'PRIMEINC').
+ *          [prng] a custom crypto-secure pseudo-random number generator to use,
+ *            that must define "getBytesSync".
+ *
+ * @return callback(err, num) called once the operation completes.
+ */
+prime.generateProbablePrime = function(bits, options, callback) {
+  if(typeof options === 'function') {
+    callback = options;
+    options = {};
+  }
+  options = options || {};
+
+  // default to PRIMEINC algorithm
+  var algorithm = options.algorithm || 'PRIMEINC';
+  if(typeof algorithm === 'string') {
+    algorithm = {name: algorithm};
+  }
+  algorithm.options = algorithm.options || {};
+
+  // create prng with api that matches BigInteger secure random
+  var prng = options.prng || forge.random;
+  var rng = {
+    // x is an array to fill with bytes
+    nextBytes: function(x) {
+      var b = prng.getBytesSync(x.length);
+      for(var i = 0; i < x.length; ++i) {
+        x[i] = b.charCodeAt(i);
+      }
+    }
+  };
+
+  if(algorithm.name === 'PRIMEINC') {
+    return primeincFindPrime(bits, rng, algorithm.options, callback);
+  }
+
+  throw new Error('Invalid prime generation algorithm: ' + algorithm.name);
+};
+
+function primeincFindPrime(bits, rng, options, callback) {
+  if('workers' in options) {
+    return primeincFindPrimeWithWorkers(bits, rng, options, callback);
+  }
+  return primeincFindPrimeWithoutWorkers(bits, rng, options, callback);
+}
+
+function primeincFindPrimeWithoutWorkers(bits, rng, options, callback) {
+  // initialize random number
+  var num = generateRandom(bits, rng);
+
+  /* Note: All primes are of the form 30k+i for i < 30 and gcd(30, i)=1. The
+  number we are given is always aligned at 30k + 1. Each time the number is
+  determined not to be prime we add to get to the next 'i', eg: if the number
+  was at 30k + 1 we add 6. */
+  var deltaIdx = 0;
+
+  // get required number of MR tests
+  var mrTests = getMillerRabinTests(num.bitLength());
+  if('millerRabinTests' in options) {
+    mrTests = options.millerRabinTests;
+  }
+
+  // find prime nearest to 'num' for maxBlockTime ms
+  // 10 ms gives 5ms of leeway for other calculations before dropping
+  // below 60fps (1000/60 == 16.67), but in reality, the number will
+  // likely be higher due to an 'atomic' big int modPow
+  var maxBlockTime = 10;
+  if('maxBlockTime' in options) {
+    maxBlockTime = options.maxBlockTime;
+  }
+  var start = +new Date();
+  do {
+    // overflow, regenerate random number
+    if(num.bitLength() > bits) {
+      num = generateRandom(bits, rng);
+    }
+    // do primality test
+    if(num.isProbablePrime(mrTests)) {
+      return callback(null, num);
+    }
+    // get next potential prime
+    num.dAddOffset(GCD_30_DELTA[deltaIdx++ % 8], 0);
+  } while(maxBlockTime < 0 || (+new Date() - start < maxBlockTime));
+
+  // keep trying (setImmediate would be better here)
+  forge.util.setImmediate(function() {
+    primeincFindPrimeWithoutWorkers(bits, rng, options, callback);
+  });
+}
+
+function primeincFindPrimeWithWorkers(bits, rng, options, callback) {
+  // web workers unavailable
+  if(typeof Worker === 'undefined') {
+    return primeincFindPrimeWithoutWorkers(bits, rng, options, callback);
+  }
+
+  // initialize random number
+  var num = generateRandom(bits, rng);
+
+  // use web workers to generate keys
+  var numWorkers = options.workers;
+  var workLoad = options.workLoad || 100;
+  var range = workLoad * 30 / 8;
+  var workerScript = options.workerScript || 'forge/prime.worker.js';
+  if(numWorkers === -1) {
+    return forge.util.estimateCores(function(err, cores) {
+      if(err) {
+        // default to 2
+        cores = 2;
+      }
+      numWorkers = cores - 1;
+      generate();
+    });
+  }
+  generate();
+
+  function generate() {
+    // require at least 1 worker
+    numWorkers = Math.max(1, numWorkers);
+
+    // TODO: consider optimizing by starting workers outside getPrime() ...
+    // note that in order to clean up they will have to be made internally
+    // asynchronous which may actually be slower
+
+    // start workers immediately
+    var workers = [];
+    for(var i = 0; i < numWorkers; ++i) {
+      // FIXME: fix path or use blob URLs
+      workers[i] = new Worker(workerScript);
+    }
+    var running = numWorkers;
+
+    // listen for requests from workers and assign ranges to find prime
+    for(var i = 0; i < numWorkers; ++i) {
+      workers[i].addEventListener('message', workerMessage);
+    }
+
+    /* Note: The distribution of random numbers is unknown. Therefore, each
+    web worker is continuously allocated a range of numbers to check for a
+    random number until one is found.
+
+    Every 30 numbers will be checked just 8 times, because prime numbers
+    have the form:
+
+    30k+i, for i < 30 and gcd(30, i)=1 (there are 8 values of i for this)
+
+    Therefore, if we want a web worker to run N checks before asking for
+    a new range of numbers, each range must contain N*30/8 numbers.
+
+    For 100 checks (workLoad), this is a range of 375. */
+
+    var found = false;
+    function workerMessage(e) {
+      // ignore message, prime already found
+      if(found) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      --running;
+      var data = e.data;
+      if(data.found) {
+        // terminate all workers
+        for(var i = 0; i < workers.length; ++i) {
+          workers[i].terminate();
+        }
+        found = true;
+        return callback(null, new BigInteger(data.prime, 16));
+      }
+
+      // overflow, regenerate random number
+      if(num.bitLength() > bits) {
+        num = generateRandom(bits, rng);
+      }
+
+      // assign new range to check
+      var hex = num.toString(16);
+
+      // start prime search
+      e.target.postMessage({
+        hex: hex,
+        workLoad: workLoad
+      });
+
+      num.dAddOffset(range, 0);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Generates a random number using the given number of bits and RNG.
+ *
+ * @param bits the number of bits for the number.
+ * @param rng the random number generator to use.
+ *
+ * @return the random number.
+ */
+function generateRandom(bits, rng) {
+  var num = new BigInteger(bits, rng);
+  // force MSB set
+  var bits1 = bits - 1;
+  if(!num.testBit(bits1)) {
+    num.bitwiseTo(BigInteger.ONE.shiftLeft(bits1), op_or, num);
+  }
+  // align number on 30k+1 boundary
+  num.dAddOffset(31 - num.mod(THIRTY).byteValue(), 0);
+  return num;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns the required number of Miller-Rabin tests to generate a
+ * prime with an error probability of (1/2)^80.
+ *
+ * See Handbook of Applied Cryptography Chapter 4, Table 4.4.
+ *
+ * @param bits the bit size.
+ *
+ * @return the required number of iterations.
+ */
+function getMillerRabinTests(bits) {
+  if(bits <= 100) return 27;
+  if(bits <= 150) return 18;
+  if(bits <= 200) return 15;
+  if(bits <= 250) return 12;
+  if(bits <= 300) return 9;
+  if(bits <= 350) return 8;
+  if(bits <= 400) return 7;
+  if(bits <= 500) return 6;
+  if(bits <= 600) return 5;
+  if(bits <= 800) return 4;
+  if(bits <= 1250) return 3;
+  return 2;
+}
+
+} // end module implementation
+
+/* ########## Begin module wrapper ########## */
+var name = 'prime';
+if(typeof define !== 'function') {
+  // NodeJS -> AMD
+  if(typeof module === 'object' && module.exports) {
+    var nodeJS = true;
+    define = function(ids, factory) {
+      factory(require, module);
+    };
+  } else {
+    // <script>
+    if(typeof forge === 'undefined') {
+      forge = {};
+    }
+    return initModule(forge);
+  }
+}
+// AMD
+var deps;
+var defineFunc = function(require, module) {
+  module.exports = function(forge) {
+    var mods = deps.map(function(dep) {
+      return require(dep);
+    }).concat(initModule);
+    // handle circular dependencies
+    forge = forge || {};
+    forge.defined = forge.defined || {};
+    if(forge.defined[name]) {
+      return forge[name];
+    }
+    forge.defined[name] = true;
+    for(var i = 0; i < mods.length; ++i) {
+      mods[i](forge);
+    }
+    return forge[name];
+  };
+};
+var tmpDefine = define;
+define = function(ids, factory) {
+  deps = (typeof ids === 'string') ? factory.slice(2) : ids.slice(2);
+  if(nodeJS) {
+    delete define;
+    return tmpDefine.apply(null, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0));
+  }
+  define = tmpDefine;
+  return define.apply(null, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0));
+};
+define(['require', 'module', './util', './jsbn', './random'], function() {
+  defineFunc.apply(null, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0));
+});
+
+})();